Non-invasive diagnostic techniques. Radiographic examination in teleosts

Radiology has today achieved an important role in clinical and morphological evaluation of many teleosts species. In this paper,Authors collected different studies having in common the use of radiographic techniques applied to the study of teleosts. Morphological evaluations have been carried out on the urogenital system of sea bass and tench, as well as on the swim-bladder of the tench by using contrast media. Morphological evaluations have been performed on otoliths of breams. Moreover, during routine clinical activity, radiological exams of some spontaneous pathologies of teleosteans, such as polycystic kidney in Carassius auratus, stomatopapillomatosis in Anguilla anguilla and various skeletal deformities, have been studied. Finally, radiographic exam was applied to evaluate an experimental trial aimed at analyzing possible toxic effects of Ag iodine in Cyprinus carpio.The general goal of this note is to report practical experiences on radiology in teleosts, underlining all the possible applications and potential uses.