Pregnancy status and thyroid function in semi-intensive-kept Marecha she-camels (Camelus dromedarius): managerial implications

Pakistani Marecha dromedaries, a distinctive breed not covered in the empirical data of the literature reviewed existing for thyroidal physiology in camels, are subjected to investigate thyroid function in pregnant multiparous (n = 22) and non-pregnant nor lactating (n = 22) females. The function of the thyroid gland in pubescent she-camels has evoked discrepancies among researchers exploring this topic in different breeds evolving in divergent environments. Despite season, age, sex, reproductive status, health disorders, and stress are reported as potential modulating factors, these research studies failed to find statistically significant results supporting their hypothesis. For the current research, serum samples were obtained twice a week during one month from semi-intensive-kept Marecha she-camels and analyzed for triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) concentrations. Feed ingredients and additives were quality assessed to examine their nutrient profile, with special attention to protein content and exogenous calcium administration. Statistical differences in serum thyroid hormone levels were found between gravid and non-gravid females, being pregnant she-camels the subgroup with higher levels (P < 0.05). The genetic background of such phenotypic variability in thyroid metabolism in camels has to be further addressed to adapt husbandry practices for breed-specific requirements. Meanwhile, local management strategies are susceptible of accurate routines for sustainable farming.