In recent years, worldwide attention focused on the hazards derived from the interaction between an extreme natural phenomena and critical infrastructures and/or chemical and process industry (Natural-Technological hazards or Na-Techs). Amongst different Na-Techs, this chapter focuses on the study of those triggered by volcanic ash emissions. Ash fallouts can directly endanger human health due to the inhalation of solid particles or indirectly compromise the safety of people due to the damage of critical structures, infrastructures, transport systems, chemical plants and lifelines. The effects of the impact on chemical plants and lifelines could also be significant on ecosystems. In this framework, this work focuses on volcanic Na-Techs in wastewater treatments (WWTs); the main aim is the definition of the conditions leading to failures in primary treatments due to volcanic ash fallouts. The estimation of the threshold amounts of ash causing damages will be shown for a case study (Mt. Etna, Italy).
The impact of volcanic ash fallout on industrial facilities: Natural-technological hazards in wastewater treatments (Screening Processes)
MILAZZO, Maria Francesca
;ANCIONE, GIUSEPPA;PRIMERANO, Patrizia;
2014-01-01
Abstract
In recent years, worldwide attention focused on the hazards derived from the interaction between an extreme natural phenomena and critical infrastructures and/or chemical and process industry (Natural-Technological hazards or Na-Techs). Amongst different Na-Techs, this chapter focuses on the study of those triggered by volcanic ash emissions. Ash fallouts can directly endanger human health due to the inhalation of solid particles or indirectly compromise the safety of people due to the damage of critical structures, infrastructures, transport systems, chemical plants and lifelines. The effects of the impact on chemical plants and lifelines could also be significant on ecosystems. In this framework, this work focuses on volcanic Na-Techs in wastewater treatments (WWTs); the main aim is the definition of the conditions leading to failures in primary treatments due to volcanic ash fallouts. The estimation of the threshold amounts of ash causing damages will be shown for a case study (Mt. Etna, Italy).Pubblicazioni consigliate
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