Objectives Common sleep disorders in menopausal women include insomnia, sleep related breathing disorder (SRBD), restless legs syndrome (RLS), possibly due to hormonal changes. We aimed at evaluating the prevalence and comorbidity of sleep disorders in a sample of women employed in 6 main Italian Hospitals. Methods Questionnaires were sent out to all employed women aged 45-55 of 6 Italian Hospitals,. Subjects returning the questionnaire were enrolled in our study. Questions included menarche, menstrual cycles, fertility, parity, menopause, life habits, personal medical and sleep history and related treatment. Self administered scales evaluated: sleep quality (PSQI), excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), quality of life (SF-36 2v), IRLS diagnostic interview and Rating Scale. Uni and multivariate analysis were applied. Results Only 356/2000 probands, mean age 49.5 years, completed their questionnaires. 32% were menopausal with mean BMI of 25.3, 68% premenopausal with mean BMI of 24.9. 11.9% on hormonal replacement therapy. Diabetes, migraine, hypertension, thyroid disorders were reported respectively by 0.9%, 57.1%, 10.7%, 2.8%. RLS was diagnosed in 20.8% of patients (33.8% of which menopausal) with a mean IRLS-RS score of 14.9, statistically worse in postmenopausal women (p<0.05). 27.1% reported non restorative sleep sustained by PSQI score(no differences between pre and post menopausal women). However EDS was never reported and only 6.9% of women had an ESS≥10. Mean BDI score was 8.3 and mood alteration was reported in 30.35%, with a positive correlation of BDI score with hypertension (p=0.005) and RLS (p=0.001, OR 1.1). Conclusions Response rate was very low. Peri and postmenopausal women are more depressive and hypertensive especially when sleeping poorly and/or affected by RLS. RLS was more severe in postmenopausal women. Sleep quality is compromised in over a quarter of the sample, despite no EDS report.
A multicenter Italian Sleep Study: hypertension in peri and post menopausal women is strongly related to sleep quality, RLS and mood alteration
CONDURSO, ROSARIA;SILVESTRI, Rosalia
2011-01-01
Abstract
Objectives Common sleep disorders in menopausal women include insomnia, sleep related breathing disorder (SRBD), restless legs syndrome (RLS), possibly due to hormonal changes. We aimed at evaluating the prevalence and comorbidity of sleep disorders in a sample of women employed in 6 main Italian Hospitals. Methods Questionnaires were sent out to all employed women aged 45-55 of 6 Italian Hospitals,. Subjects returning the questionnaire were enrolled in our study. Questions included menarche, menstrual cycles, fertility, parity, menopause, life habits, personal medical and sleep history and related treatment. Self administered scales evaluated: sleep quality (PSQI), excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), quality of life (SF-36 2v), IRLS diagnostic interview and Rating Scale. Uni and multivariate analysis were applied. Results Only 356/2000 probands, mean age 49.5 years, completed their questionnaires. 32% were menopausal with mean BMI of 25.3, 68% premenopausal with mean BMI of 24.9. 11.9% on hormonal replacement therapy. Diabetes, migraine, hypertension, thyroid disorders were reported respectively by 0.9%, 57.1%, 10.7%, 2.8%. RLS was diagnosed in 20.8% of patients (33.8% of which menopausal) with a mean IRLS-RS score of 14.9, statistically worse in postmenopausal women (p<0.05). 27.1% reported non restorative sleep sustained by PSQI score(no differences between pre and post menopausal women). However EDS was never reported and only 6.9% of women had an ESS≥10. Mean BDI score was 8.3 and mood alteration was reported in 30.35%, with a positive correlation of BDI score with hypertension (p=0.005) and RLS (p=0.001, OR 1.1). Conclusions Response rate was very low. Peri and postmenopausal women are more depressive and hypertensive especially when sleeping poorly and/or affected by RLS. RLS was more severe in postmenopausal women. Sleep quality is compromised in over a quarter of the sample, despite no EDS report.Pubblicazioni consigliate
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