Implementation of U=U in real life in Italy: results from the ICONA Cohort

Since the end of 80 s, several studies have investigated the role of a detectable p 24 antigen or viral load in the transmission of HIV In 1994 an Italian study 1 demonstrated how patients who were treated with zidovudine had a reduced rate of transmission to their female partner  In 2008 The Swiss Cohort statement wrote that “an HIV infected individual without additional sexual transmitted disease ( and on an anti retroviral therapy ( with completely suppressed viremia is sexually non infectious” 2  More recently, in 2011 a large randomized trial (HPTN 052 showed with striking evidence that early ART is able to dramatically reduce HIV linked transmissions by 96 3  Moreover, between 2010 and 2019 two large observational studies (Partner and Opposites Attract) showed no linked HIV transmission in serodiscordant couples when the HIV infected partner is undetectable 4 6  Based on the scientific evidence, the Prevention Access Campaign, launched the Undetectable Untransmittable (U U) initiative in 2016