The mediating role of optimism and resilience in the association between Covid-19-related stress, subjective well-being, hopelessness, and academic achievement in Italian university students.

Restriction due to COVID-19 leads universities to canceled lessons and turned to online teaching. $ose impacted on academic performance, subjective well-being, and hopelessness. According to Positive Psy choly, individual factors can play a protective role in stressful situations, promoting subjective psychological well-being. A cross-sectional study among 1,094 Italian university students was conducted to evaluate the mediation role of optimism and resilience in the association between COVID-19-related stress and subjective well-being, academic achievement and hopelessness. Was carry out a structural equation modeling with latent variables. Mediation analysis indicated that optimism and resilience can mediate the association be tween COVID-19-related stress and subjective well-being (optimism: β=-.23, p=.00; resilience: β=-.9, p=.00) and hopelessness (optimism: β=.07, p=.003; resilience: β=.09, p=.00). $ese &ndings broaden the body of knowledge about the association of COVID-19 related stress and subjective well-being, hopelessness and ac ademic achievement, investigating the mediation role of optimism and resilience in the association between COVID-19-related stress and previous variables.