Advanced plasma-liquid micro-discharge processes: design and optimization for CO2 valorisation

The pursuit of net-zero emissions targets necessitates a decisive transition from fossil fuel dependence to renewable energy-based systems. A key strategy to achieve this goal involves the development of single-step less energy-intensive routes using advanced catalytic materials encapsulated within substrates. By eliminating external integration steps, is realizable the direct synthesis of chemicals and fuels starting from small molecules (such as CO2), enabling the generation of value-added C1 and C2 products, predominantly through alternative and sustainable processes such as photo-, electro-, and plasma-catalysis. Direct electrification to produce chemicals, fuels and energy vectors represents a core challenge, the resolution of which will lay the groundwork for future carbon-neutral chemical production.