The fundamental dualism in the field of political philosophy, according to Alasdair MacIntyre, is between the liberal individualism, in all different formulations, and Aristotelian thought as well as developed until the present day. Republicanism of Machiavelli and his idea of political freedom, in some ways agree with the contemporary Anglo-Saxon republican thought, should be included, at least on some key concepts, in the second school of thought. Patriotism and political freedom are the two main themes. Machiavelli with its exaltation of civic virtue makes clear an essential aspect of the republican tradition, the idea of a public good that precedes individual desires and interests.