LOCALIZZAZIONI ADDOMINALI RARE DELL'IDATIDOSI

Authors analyze rare localizations of abdominal hydatidosis. Although liver and lung are the sites more frequently involved, in 10-15% of cases other localizations are possible: spleen, skeleton, muscles, kidneys, ovaries, pancreas and peritoneum; a very rare localization of hydatid cyst is into the muscolar layer of the abdominal aorta. Free cysts are rare clinical features too. Pathogenesis of hydatid disease can be primitive, secondary or tertiary, according as colonization happens by an embryo, or as local or distant dissemination of scolices or as secondary cysts planting in another site. Diagnosis is based on modern and traditional radiological techniques. Cystpericistectomy is the best surgical choice in the treatment of hydatid disease. Albendazole and mebendazole are the most effective drugs, although results obtained using albendazole are more satisfactory (75.8% positive replies vs 41.5% obtained with mebendazole); however, relapses are reported. Antielmintic drugs are an effective support in surgical patient and in the treatment of local relapse, while they are the elective treatment in the patients with high surgical risk, or with diffuse recidive, or with peritoneal metastases or with bone localization. In these patients, is also indicated the PAIR technique, that supplies satisfactory results in 70% of cases.