Implicazioni Anestesiologiche nei Pazienti con Sindrome di Down.

Down's Sindrome (Trisomy 21) occurs in about 0,15 per cent of the living-born. Beside the syndrome stigmate, in these patients others congenital defects and diseases are to be noticed, as well as cardiac defects, atlanto-occipital dimorphism, short and rigid neck, macroglossia, dental pathology, narrowines nasal cavity and main respiratory airway, bronchial abundant secretion and reduced ciliary mobility, weak immunatory defences, respiratory infections, and different metabolism of several drugs. These anatomic alterations, related to chromosome 21 alterations, and psychopathological condition and catecolamine low levels in their central nervous system, are responsible for the complications as for as the anestesiological treatment concerns. All these medical reports involve the following aspects: difficulties and frequent incidents in intubation and estubation procedures, cautions in the drugs of anesthesia use. Good knowledge of Down's Syndrome physiopathology lead to a more safe anesthesiological management with a low incidence of complications. Riassunto