Severe central nervous system (CNS) injury is the most common cause of death and disability resulting from trauma. The important factors which determine the prognosis of patients with CNS injury are the severity of the primary injury and the following secondary cord injury that continues from the time of traumatic impact. Mitigation strategies for the primary injury are not within the scope of this review, however, for spinal cord injury (SCI) especially most SCI treatments have been focused on accurate diagnosis of primary cord injury and the prevention of secondary, delayed cord injury. Therefore, many efforts have been made to innovate new diagnostic "Biomarker" technologies. However, there is still no consensus for the use of biomarkers in clinical SCI patients. The aims of this review is therefore to evaluate the current status of neurochemical biomarkers in SCI, and to discuss their potential diagnostic and prognostic role in SCI. We also present novel biomarker data from CSF and plasma in SCI, both in animal models and patients.
Acute diagnostic biomarkers for spinal cord injury: review of the literature and preliminary research report
MONDELLO, STEFANIA;
2015-01-01
Abstract
Severe central nervous system (CNS) injury is the most common cause of death and disability resulting from trauma. The important factors which determine the prognosis of patients with CNS injury are the severity of the primary injury and the following secondary cord injury that continues from the time of traumatic impact. Mitigation strategies for the primary injury are not within the scope of this review, however, for spinal cord injury (SCI) especially most SCI treatments have been focused on accurate diagnosis of primary cord injury and the prevention of secondary, delayed cord injury. Therefore, many efforts have been made to innovate new diagnostic "Biomarker" technologies. However, there is still no consensus for the use of biomarkers in clinical SCI patients. The aims of this review is therefore to evaluate the current status of neurochemical biomarkers in SCI, and to discuss their potential diagnostic and prognostic role in SCI. We also present novel biomarker data from CSF and plasma in SCI, both in animal models and patients.Pubblicazioni consigliate
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