Monoclonal antibodies for renal diseases: current concepts and ongoing treatments

In recent years, technological innovations in the field of molecular biology have provided new therapeutic options. In particular, human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), initially used in the treatment of malignancies, have become a therapeutic tool for many other diseases. Most of the application of mAbs revealed encouraging findings to treat patients with immune-mediated glomerular diseases, for whom the standard protocols based on corticosteroids and non-specific immunosuppressants with heavy side effects have for decades been the only therapies.