Efficacy and safety of rituximab with and without methotrexate in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis patients: Results from the GISEA register

tIntroduction: Rituximab (RTX) is a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody approved for the treatment of rheuma-toid arthritis (RA) in association with methotrexate (MTX).Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of RTX–MTX combination therapy compared with RTXalone in the treatment of RA.Methods: We analyzed data from a prospective cohort study, the Italian biologic register GISEA, toinvestigate the efficacy and safety of rituximab. Moreover, the adverse events (AE) and the causes ofdiscontinuation therapy were analyzed.Results: We identified 338 RA patients, 162 treated with RTX and 176 with RTX–MTX. After 52 and104 weeks of therapy the disease activity score in 28 joints and the Health Assessment QuestionnaireScore were available in 168 patients (78 with RTX–MTX and 60 with RTX alone), showing significantreduction without differences among the two groups. AE were reported in 142 patients (42%), for a total∗of 368 recorded side effects. The majority (90.5%) of AE were mild to moderate in severity. Comparablepercentages of severe AE were reported in the 2 groups (9.9% for RTX alone and 9.3% for RTX + MTX).A poor disease control was observed in 14.2% and 13.5% of patients treated with RTX + MTX and RTX,respectively; while 12 patients (4.5% in RTX + MTX, and 2.5% in RTX group) suspended therapy for AE.Conclusions: RTX showed a good efficacy and safety profile in the real-life management of RA patientsregardless of the association with MTX.