Drawing up, development and optimization of a Limited Area Model for meteorological forecasting in regions with complex orography

The global climate changes and their impact on global scale represent one of most important issues nowadays. In the recently years, the understanding of climate changes, through the studies of ice ages and interglacial ages have intrigued many scientists and researchers. Studying the last million years, they found that with a periodicity ranging between 40 and 100 thousand of years, there was an average temperature fluctuation of 10 K. Assuming the average temperature of the Earth as a fundamental variable and disregarding the contribution of the atmosphere, through the global energy balance theory. The climatic fluctuations are related with the astronomical variations of the terrestrial orbit (cycles of Milankovitch), but at global level, the variations of insolation alone can not explain the variation of 10 K observed in climate data. Therefore, an amplification mechanism to move from small solar modulation to the great climate change, it is necessary. According to G. Parisi [1], this mechanism is governed by positive feedback induced in the albedo. A further amplification is due to stochastic resonance induced by the weather fluctuations. When treating with physical phenomena that involve variables with different time scales, it is possible to consider the faster ones as perturbations acting on the slower.