This thesis is related to the field of foamed concrete that belongs to the wider category of lightweight concrete and typically includes cement, water, preformed foam and fine sand. The foam component gives rise to the development of air voids within the cementitious matrix which results in a series of advantageous properties including: low self-weight, thermal insulating and sound absorption properties, fire resistance and cost-effectiveness. However, the fresh state poor dimensional stability of this lightweight cementitious paste doesn’t allow to exploit its potential in an economically advantageous way. The research activity of this thesis starting from the study of liquid foams and the comprehension of its behavior inside the cementitious matrix, and passing from an experimental campaign focused on classical foamed concrete leads to the innovative extrudable foamed concrete. The characteristics of this new kind of cellular concrete in terms of mechanical strengths (with the illustration of some strategies adopted to increase them) and physical, morphological and rheological properties are deducted through extensive experimental campaigns and presented here. The extrudable foamed concrete peculiarities make sure that it can be industrialized in a simpler, more efficient and cost-effective way than the processes currently used in the lightweight concrete industry. Moreover, its use in a multilayer engineered element, in which the number of layers, their density and thickness can be designed according to the needs, is presented.
L’attività di ricerca presentata in questa tesi ha come campo di indagine quello dei calcestruzzi cellulari, in particolare schiumati, che appartengono all'ampia categoria dei calcestruzzi leggeri. I manufatti realizzati con queste miscele cementizie alleggerite con schiuma posseggono diverse importanti qualità, tra cui leggerezza, isolamento termico, resistenza al fuoco, economicità; tuttavia la scarsa tenuta dimensionale di tale materiale allo stato fresco non permette di poterne sfruttare appieno ed in maniera economicamente vantaggiosa le evidenti potenzialità. Le indagini sperimentali qui presentate, partendo dallo studio delle schiume liquide e passando attraverso la comprensione del loro comportamento all'interno della pasta cementizia e delle proprietà del materiale alleggerito che ne risulta conducono all'innovativo calcestruzzo schiumato estrudibile ed alla scoperta delle sue proprietà fisiche, meccaniche (con la presentazione di alcune strategie adottate per incrementarle), morfologiche e reologiche, mettendone in luce gli aspetti peculiari. Viene inoltre mostrato come proprio questi ultimi non solo permettano che il calcestruzzo schiumato estrudibile possa essere industrializzato in modo più semplice, efficiente ed economicamente conveniente rispetto alle tecniche attualmente impiegate nell'industria dei calcestruzzi leggeri, ma ne suggeriscano anche un suo impiego “ingegnerizzato” attraverso delle soluzioni che, sfruttando la tecnica della coestrusione, permettono di ottenere in un unico elemento proprietà in antitesi come l’ottimo isolamento termico e le buone resistenze meccaniche.
Calcestruzzi schiumati estrudibili: le proprietà e le potenzialità di un materiale da costruzione innovativo
FALLIANO, DEVID
2018-11-21
Abstract
This thesis is related to the field of foamed concrete that belongs to the wider category of lightweight concrete and typically includes cement, water, preformed foam and fine sand. The foam component gives rise to the development of air voids within the cementitious matrix which results in a series of advantageous properties including: low self-weight, thermal insulating and sound absorption properties, fire resistance and cost-effectiveness. However, the fresh state poor dimensional stability of this lightweight cementitious paste doesn’t allow to exploit its potential in an economically advantageous way. The research activity of this thesis starting from the study of liquid foams and the comprehension of its behavior inside the cementitious matrix, and passing from an experimental campaign focused on classical foamed concrete leads to the innovative extrudable foamed concrete. The characteristics of this new kind of cellular concrete in terms of mechanical strengths (with the illustration of some strategies adopted to increase them) and physical, morphological and rheological properties are deducted through extensive experimental campaigns and presented here. The extrudable foamed concrete peculiarities make sure that it can be industrialized in a simpler, more efficient and cost-effective way than the processes currently used in the lightweight concrete industry. Moreover, its use in a multilayer engineered element, in which the number of layers, their density and thickness can be designed according to the needs, is presented.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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