Drug-coated balloon treatment for femoropopliteal artery disease: The IN.PACT global study long lesion imaging cohort

BACKGROUND: The IN.PACT Global Study was an international prospective single-arm clinical trial to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a drug-coated balloon in the treatment of atherosclerotic disease of the superficial femoral and/or popliteal arteries (P1-P3) in subjects with intermittent claudication and/or rest pain. Prespecified subjects were selected for core-laboratory-adjudicated duplex ultrasound imaging, including a subcohort with long lesions (≥15 cm). METHODS AND RESULTS: Subjects were followed for 12 months. The primary safety end point was a composite of freedom from device- and procedure-related mortality through 30 days and freedom from major target limb amputation and clinically-driven target vessel revascularization through 12 months. An independent Clinical Events Committee adjudicated all adverse events. The primary effectiveness end point was primary patency at 12 months (by duplex ultrasound). The long lesion imaging cohort had 157 subjects (164 lesions). Mean lesion length was 26.40±8.61 cm. Provisional stents were implanted in 39.4% (63/160) of lesions. Primary patency by Kaplan-Meier estimate was 91.1%, and freedom from clinically-driven target lesion revascularization was 94.2% at 12 months. The primary safety composite end point was achieved by 94.0% (126/134) of subjects. There were no device- or procedure-related deaths or major target limb amputations. CONCLUSIONS: The IN.PACT Admiral drug-coated balloon was safe and highly effective at 12 months after treatment in a rigorous independently adjudicated analysis of real-world subjects with lesions ≥15 cm in the superficial femoral and/or popliteal arteries (P1-P3). CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01609296.