Divari di produttività del lavoro nell’industria manifatturiera italiana: cause ambientali e manageriali

This paper highlights that labour productivity of manufacturing industry in Italy is influenced by negative externalities. Two elements of originality characterize the paper: 1) the use of various indicators of equitable and sustainable well-being as proxies of socio-environmental factors; 2) the distinction of firms according to the Pavitt classification. The findings confirm that labour productivity is influenced by negative externalities. This influence is more marked in the traditional sectors, characterized by the presence of small firms. Our results could be of interest to policy makers. To counter this “market failure” it is necessary for: 1) small firms to grow in size and/or cooperate with other national and international companies; 2) the State to effectively counteract crime and social malaise, using direct and indirect European funding to this end.