The multidisciplinary research described in the following thesis was performed at the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dental and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, in collaboration with the production center Micerium Lab of the company Micerium S.p.A. The scientific activities described arise from the need to propose different treatment approaches and innovative solutions to obtain the best results in the orthodontic field with clear aligners. Initially, an overview of the evolution of orthodontics is provided with the development of clear aligners and the description of the main characteristics of thermoplastic materials with which these orthodontic devices are made. In particular, the properties of polymeric materials are highlighted, from mechanical to optical and transparency, to report the state of the art on the influence of the thermoforming process and the sterilization processes currently available for medical devices. Subsequently, a large part of the work was dedicated to the experimental contribution by evaluating various research areas which, although very different from each other, have a common purpose that is to optimize the therapeutic benefits and safeguard the patient's health during treatment with aligners. The first research area concerns the chemical-physical characterization of the PET-G-based thermoplastic material, in collaboration with the Institute for chemical-physical processes (IPCF) of the National Research Council (CNR) of Messina, which was carried out both after the polymer thermoforming process and after exposure to staining agents and substances commonly used substances for up to 15 days. The second phase involves a microbiological analysis, carried out at the “Molecular Genetics” laboratory of the University of Messina, through the measurement of the optical density of the microbial cultures inoculated on the surface of PET-G aligners pieces after direct exposure to the gaseous ozone at different times (24, 48 and 72 hours). Finally, the third scientific area concerns an in vitro evaluation of an innovative clinical technique to produce orthodontic attachments on the teeth using two experimental templates. In this regard, a deviation analysis was carried out for the superimposition of 3D scans and virtual planning models, by the Engineering Department of the University of Messina, and based on the excesses and defects of the composite resin compared to the standard protocol currently used in clinical practice.
Il lavoro esposto nella tesi seguente è stato svolto presso il Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini morfologiche e funzionali dell’Università degli Studi di Messina, in collaborazione con l’azienda satellite Micerium Lab appartenente alla società Micerium S.p.A., finanziatrice della borsa di dottorato. In accordo con l’azienda, è stata impostata una ricerca scientifica di tipo multidisciplinare per valutare diverse soluzioni innovative allo scopo di massimizzare i vantaggi del trattamento ortodontico con gli allineatori invisibili. Nel primo capitolo viene esposta una panoramica generale sul trattamento con gli allineatori, dalla descrizione dei principali materiali termoplastici con cui vengono fabbricati gli allineatori e le loro caratteristiche in termini di proprietà meccaniche, fisiche, termiche, ottiche e di trasparenza. Viene anche discussa l’influenza dell’ambiente orale e del processo di termoformatura sui materiali polimerici. Infine, viene presentato un breve stato dell’arte sugli elementi ausiliari (attachment) che definiscono determinati movimenti dentali esercitati dall’allineatore e sulle moderne tecniche di sterilizzazione dei dispositivi medici. Di seguito, i capitoli successivi descrivono le attività sperimentali condotte riguardo diversi ambiti di ricerca, dall’analisi chimico-fisica, microbiologica, fino a una valutazione ingegneristica, che hanno come obiettivo comune l’ottimizzazione dei benefici di trattamento e la salvaguardia della salute del paziente ortodontico. Nel dettaglio, il secondo capitolo riporta il contributo scientifico ottenuto insieme alla collaborazione con l’Istituto per i processi chimico-fisici (IPCF) del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) di Messina riguardo la caratterizzazione chimico-fisica del materiale polimerico PET-G effettuata sia dopo il processo di termoformatura che dopo l’esposizione a sostanze pigmentate di uso quotidiano fino a 15 giorni. Il terzo capitolo descrive l’efficacia di una procedura di sterilizzazione basata sull’esposizione all’ozono gassoso in campioni di allineatori in PET-G mediante misurazione della densità ottica delle colture microbiche a 24, 48 e 72 ore, con la cooperazione del laboratorio di “Genetica Molecolare” dell’Università degli Studi di Messina. Infine, il quarto capitolo descrive la valutazione in vitro di una procedura clinica di posizionamento degli attachments sugli elementi dentari mediante due template sperimentali attraverso un’analisi di deviazione sulle sovrapposizioni di scansioni 3D e modelli di pianificazione virtuale, effettuata insieme ad alcuni docenti del Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Università degli Studi di Messina, sulla base della presenza di eccessi e difetti della resina composita rispetto al protocollo standard attualmente utilizzato.
Upgrade nel trattamento con ortodonzia invisibile a tutela dei benefici terapeutici e della salute del paziente.
NICITA, Fabiana
2023-05-23
Abstract
The multidisciplinary research described in the following thesis was performed at the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dental and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, in collaboration with the production center Micerium Lab of the company Micerium S.p.A. The scientific activities described arise from the need to propose different treatment approaches and innovative solutions to obtain the best results in the orthodontic field with clear aligners. Initially, an overview of the evolution of orthodontics is provided with the development of clear aligners and the description of the main characteristics of thermoplastic materials with which these orthodontic devices are made. In particular, the properties of polymeric materials are highlighted, from mechanical to optical and transparency, to report the state of the art on the influence of the thermoforming process and the sterilization processes currently available for medical devices. Subsequently, a large part of the work was dedicated to the experimental contribution by evaluating various research areas which, although very different from each other, have a common purpose that is to optimize the therapeutic benefits and safeguard the patient's health during treatment with aligners. The first research area concerns the chemical-physical characterization of the PET-G-based thermoplastic material, in collaboration with the Institute for chemical-physical processes (IPCF) of the National Research Council (CNR) of Messina, which was carried out both after the polymer thermoforming process and after exposure to staining agents and substances commonly used substances for up to 15 days. The second phase involves a microbiological analysis, carried out at the “Molecular Genetics” laboratory of the University of Messina, through the measurement of the optical density of the microbial cultures inoculated on the surface of PET-G aligners pieces after direct exposure to the gaseous ozone at different times (24, 48 and 72 hours). Finally, the third scientific area concerns an in vitro evaluation of an innovative clinical technique to produce orthodontic attachments on the teeth using two experimental templates. In this regard, a deviation analysis was carried out for the superimposition of 3D scans and virtual planning models, by the Engineering Department of the University of Messina, and based on the excesses and defects of the composite resin compared to the standard protocol currently used in clinical practice.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Descrizione: Upgrade nel trattamento con ortodonzia invisibile a tutela dei benefici terapeutici e della salute del paziente
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