INTRO. The adrenaline, takotsubo, anaphylaxis, and Kounis (ATAK) complex constitutes a challenging contemporary clinicopharmacological combination of syndrome ATAK. “Αttacking” is needed to elucidate its etiology and pathophysiology and implement preventive and therapeutic measures. Adrenaline is considered the drug of choice for anaphylactic shock; however, its administration, especially in excess doses, could contribute to coronary spasms. Moreover, coronary spasms through direct myocardial stunning can lead to Takotsubo syndrome (TS). During anaphylaxis, the released mediators can also initiate coronary spasms and again TS. Adrenaline administration as hemodynamic support during anaphylactic shock could also increase the plasma catecholamine levels and perpetuate this vicious cycle. Kounis syndrome has also been associated with TS.
Attack the ATAK; A Challenging Contemporary Complex: Pathophysiologic, Therapeutic, and Preventive Considerations
de Gregorio, CesarePenultimo
Formal Analysis
;
2023-01-01
Abstract
INTRO. The adrenaline, takotsubo, anaphylaxis, and Kounis (ATAK) complex constitutes a challenging contemporary clinicopharmacological combination of syndrome ATAK. “Αttacking” is needed to elucidate its etiology and pathophysiology and implement preventive and therapeutic measures. Adrenaline is considered the drug of choice for anaphylactic shock; however, its administration, especially in excess doses, could contribute to coronary spasms. Moreover, coronary spasms through direct myocardial stunning can lead to Takotsubo syndrome (TS). During anaphylaxis, the released mediators can also initiate coronary spasms and again TS. Adrenaline administration as hemodynamic support during anaphylactic shock could also increase the plasma catecholamine levels and perpetuate this vicious cycle. Kounis syndrome has also been associated with TS.Pubblicazioni consigliate
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