Mass identification by means of Energy-Time-of-Flight technique using large area silicon detector in a 4π array: The CHIMERA case

The study of heavy-ion reactions in the Fermi energy regime requires detection systems covering a high portion of the solid angle and using several identification techniques. Silicon detectors are widely used in this field. The so called E−ToF identification technique combines the energy and time of arrival of ions stopped in the detector to perform mass identification and calculate the velocity. However, when dealing with time measurements non-linear effects in detector and electronics responses have to be taken into account. We present an empirical method, as developed in the case of CHIMERA multi-detector, describing these non-linear effects and allowing for mass identification of ions stopped in the silicon detector by means of a semi-automatic procedure. Correlation between the non-linear effects affecting the ToF technique and the rise-time of the silicon detector signal will also be presented and discussed.