The increasing amount of information needed to describe and identify the elements and phenomena that characterize territorial dynamics, in addition to the complexity due to the multiscalar and multidisciplinary nature of planning processes, requires an evolution of the concept of governance to be framed within a strategic overall vision. With this in mind, the legislative framework is also being renewed, which projects planning processes toward the idea of a “structural plan” and reserves communities an increasingly important role in choices, effectively changing the public-private pair. A new balance is thus sought between the public body and active citizenship, with the aim of pursuing effective planning capable of overcoming the sectorization that characterizes the tools and methods of reading the territory and calibrating the processes of plan formation on the real needs of the community. The research path is set in a context, Sicily, which has only recently experienced this “revolution” in urban planning - with Regional Law 19/2020 - catching local governments unprepared both from the instrumental point of view for the management of the entire process and from the social point of view for the establishment of the new relationship with citizenship. Consistent with recent Sicilian regulatory developments, the research work aims to identify appropriate tools to support this new idea of planning, verifying their potential. Thus, the need arises for the use of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) as facilitators of the reading of the territory and, at the same time, as tools capable of identifying a level in which various areas/sectors can coexist, supporting the choices of decision makers. The research conducted starts from a reading of the state of the art and the study of the tool’s potential, especially from the perspective of free information, i.e., open source, in order to broaden the audience of stakeholders who can interact at any stage of the process; these characteristics have allowed us to identify QGIS software as the best compromise. The impossibility of envisaging interventions that can be replicated indiscriminately in any reality required the choice of an application experience and the consequent study of the documentation characterizing the development of the territory of Rometta (ME), identified as a case study. The application made it possible to test the effectiveness of GIS in overlaying planning instrumentation and to implement a multicriteria analysis model to support decision makers and stakeholders. With the development of this application, and through the on-site organization of interviews and focus groups, the communicative capacity of graphic restitution in its function as a “facilitator” to support participatory processes was also tested. From the first results obtained, it is possible, therefore, to validate the tool both as an ordinator of the plurality of plans that characterizes planning processes and as a support to the reading of the territory and the choices of decision makers, consequently identifying in QGIS a software that, implemented, allows to pursue the principles and purposes dictated by the Sicilian Regional Law 19/2020.
La crescente quantità di informazioni necessaria a descrivere e individuare gli elementi e i fenomeni che caratterizzano le dinamiche territoriali, oltre alla complessità dovuta alla natura multiscalare e multidisciplinare dei processi pianificatori, richiede un’evoluzione del concetto di governance da inquadrare in una visione strategica d’insieme. In tale ottica si rinnova anche il contesto legislativo che proietta i processi pianificatori verso l’idea di “piano strutturale” e riserva alle comunità un ruolo sempre più rilevante nelle scelte, modificando di fatto il binomio pubblico-privato. Si ricerca così un nuovo equilibrio tra ente pubblico e cittadinanza attiva, con lo scopo di perseguire una efficace pianificazione capace di superare la settorializzazione che caratterizza gli strumenti e i metodi di lettura del territorio e di calibrare i processi di formazione del piano sulle reali necessità della comunità. Il percorso di ricerca si colloca in un contesto, la Sicilia, che solo recentemente ha conosciuto questa “rivoluzione” in ambito urbanistico – con la L.R. 19/2020 - cogliendo impreparate le amministrazioni locali sia sotto il profilo strumentale per la gestione dell’intero processo sia sotto il profilo sociale per l’instaurarsi del nuovo rapporto con la cittadinanza. In coerenza con i recenti sviluppi normativi siciliani, il lavoro di ricerca ha lo scopo di individuare gli strumenti adeguati a supportare questa nuova idea di pianificazione, verificandone le potenzialità. Si presenta così la necessità di ricorrere ai Geographical Information Systems (GIS) come facilitatori della lettura del territorio e, al tempo stesso, come strumenti capaci di individuare un livello in cui possano coesistere vari ambiti/settori, supportando le scelte dei decisori. La ricerca condotta parte da una lettura dello stato dell’arte e dallo studio delle potenzialità dello strumento, soprattutto in ottica di informazione libera, ovvero di open source, al fine di ampliare la platea degli interlocutori che possono interagire in qualsiasi fase del processo; tali caratteristiche hanno permesso di identificare nel software QGIS il miglior compromesso. L’impossibilità di prevedere interventi che possano replicarsi indistintamente in qualsiasi realtà, ha richiesto la scelta di una esperienza applicativa e il conseguente studio della documentazione caratterizzante lo sviluppo del territorio di Rometta (ME), individuato come caso studio. L’applicazione ha permesso di testare l’efficacia dei GIS nella sovrapposizione della strumentazione pianificatoria e di implementare un modello di analisi multicriteria a supporto dei decisori e degli stakeholders. Con lo sviluppo di tale applicazione, e attraverso l’organizzazione in loco di interviste e focus group, si è verificata anche la capacità comunicativa della restituzione grafica nella sua funzione di “facilitatore” a supporto dei processi partecipativi. Dai primi risultati ottenuti si può, quindi, validare lo strumento sia come ordinatore della pluralità di piani che caratterizza i processi pianificatori sia come supporto alla lettura del territorio e alle scelte dei decisori, individuando conseguentemente in QGIS un software che, implementato, consente di perseguire i principi e le finalità dettate dalla L.R. 19/2020 siciliana.
Valutazione alternative di piano e progetti attraverso l'utilizzo di software GIS
CANNATA, Francesco
2023-12-11
Abstract
The increasing amount of information needed to describe and identify the elements and phenomena that characterize territorial dynamics, in addition to the complexity due to the multiscalar and multidisciplinary nature of planning processes, requires an evolution of the concept of governance to be framed within a strategic overall vision. With this in mind, the legislative framework is also being renewed, which projects planning processes toward the idea of a “structural plan” and reserves communities an increasingly important role in choices, effectively changing the public-private pair. A new balance is thus sought between the public body and active citizenship, with the aim of pursuing effective planning capable of overcoming the sectorization that characterizes the tools and methods of reading the territory and calibrating the processes of plan formation on the real needs of the community. The research path is set in a context, Sicily, which has only recently experienced this “revolution” in urban planning - with Regional Law 19/2020 - catching local governments unprepared both from the instrumental point of view for the management of the entire process and from the social point of view for the establishment of the new relationship with citizenship. Consistent with recent Sicilian regulatory developments, the research work aims to identify appropriate tools to support this new idea of planning, verifying their potential. Thus, the need arises for the use of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) as facilitators of the reading of the territory and, at the same time, as tools capable of identifying a level in which various areas/sectors can coexist, supporting the choices of decision makers. The research conducted starts from a reading of the state of the art and the study of the tool’s potential, especially from the perspective of free information, i.e., open source, in order to broaden the audience of stakeholders who can interact at any stage of the process; these characteristics have allowed us to identify QGIS software as the best compromise. The impossibility of envisaging interventions that can be replicated indiscriminately in any reality required the choice of an application experience and the consequent study of the documentation characterizing the development of the territory of Rometta (ME), identified as a case study. The application made it possible to test the effectiveness of GIS in overlaying planning instrumentation and to implement a multicriteria analysis model to support decision makers and stakeholders. With the development of this application, and through the on-site organization of interviews and focus groups, the communicative capacity of graphic restitution in its function as a “facilitator” to support participatory processes was also tested. From the first results obtained, it is possible, therefore, to validate the tool both as an ordinator of the plurality of plans that characterizes planning processes and as a support to the reading of the territory and the choices of decision makers, consequently identifying in QGIS a software that, implemented, allows to pursue the principles and purposes dictated by the Sicilian Regional Law 19/2020.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Tesi_dottorato_Cannata.pdf
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Descrizione: Valutazione alternative di piano e progetti attraverso l'utilizzo di software GIS
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