Does economic liberalization foster corporate investment? Theory and evidence from US and Canadian firms

Prior studies have largely debated and demostrated the positive effect of economic liberalization on economic growth, but they have not clarified how and to which extent economic liberalization affets corporate investment, the main driver of a country's economic growth. This paper investigates the relationship between economic liberalization and corporate investment by modelling the microesconomic channels through which economic liberalization affects corporate investments. Our theoretical framework extends the standard neoclassical model of firm value maximization to incorporate the effect of economic liberalization on corporate investmnt via several microeconomic channles. We test the theoretical predictions of our model by using a large and heterogeneous sample of non-financial US firms for the period 2000-2019. The empirical results support our hypotheses that economic liberalization positively affects corporate investment both directly and indirectly through different channels. These effects hold, although with different intensity, for all dimensions of economic liberalization.