Updates on first- and second-generation antidepressants used in the treatment of traumatic brain injury-induced depression

One of the leading causes of disability leading to depression and other neuropsychiatric complications is traumatic brain injury, especially among young people. Post-TBI depression is a common condition with a significant impact on quality of life, recovery, and rehabilitation. In the last years, the second-generation antidepressants SNRIs and SSRIs have been applied as treatments for depression in patients with TBI. Due to the more favorable side effect profiles, these agents are considered over first-generation antidepressants. While further studies are needed to identify specific mechanisms and interactions with drug-induced brain trauma effects, preliminary studies do suggest that second-generation antidepressants may be useful in treating post-TBI depression. This review focus on the benefits, challenges, and emerging scientific evidence regarding the use second-generation antidepressants in TBI patients.